What to Include (and Not Include) in a Court Character Reference Letter

Few things feel more overwhelming than learning that someone you love is facing federal criminal charges. The legal process is confusing, the stakes are high, and suddenly you’re asked to do something you’ve never done before: write a character reference letter to a federal judge. Your words could influence the sentence your loved one receives, and that responsibility weighs heavily.

If you’re in this situation, you’re not alone. Thousands of families navigate the federal criminal justice system each year, and character letters are a critical—but often misunderstood—part of the sentencing process. Understanding what judges actually want to see can make the difference between a letter that helps and one that falls flat.

What to Include

The most effective character letters are personal, specific, and honest. Start by introducing yourself and explaining your relationship to the defendant—how long you’ve known them and in what capacity. Judges want to understand the context of your perspective.

Focus on concrete examples that illustrate the person’s character. Rather than simply stating they’re “a good person,” describe a specific time when they demonstrated kindness, responsibility, or integrity. Did they help a neighbor through a difficult time? Have they been a devoted parent or caregiver? These details make your letter memorable and credible.

Address the impact incarceration would have on you, your family, or your community. If the defendant provides financial support, caregiving, or other essential contributions, explain this clearly. Judges consider collateral consequences when determining sentences.

Finally, express your belief in their capacity for rehabilitation and your willingness to support them moving forward. A judge wants to know that the defendant has a support system waiting for them.

What Not to Include

Avoid minimizing or excusing the offense. Statements like “they didn’t really do anything wrong” or attempts to blame others will undermine your credibility and may irritate the judge. Acknowledge that a serious situation has occurred, even if you don’t reference the specifics of the case.

Don’t make demands or tell the judge what sentence to impose. Phrases like “they deserve probation” or “prison would be unfair” come across as presumptuous. Your role is to provide information about character, not to argue legal strategy.

Steer clear of vague praise and clichés. Generic statements that could apply to anyone won’t help your loved one stand out. Every letter should feel unique to the individual you’re describing.

Getting It Right

Writing a character reference letter is an act of love during an incredibly difficult time. Take it seriously, be genuine, and remember that your perspective matters. For more comprehensive guidance on navigating the federal criminal justice process—from indictment through sentencing and beyond—Prisonpedia offers detailed resources designed to help defendants and their families understand what lies ahead. You don’t have to figure this out alone.